The mathematics
Each figure is the set of points where vibration cancels out: the nodal lines of the combinations cos(Mπx)·cos(Nπy) ∓ cos(Nπx)·cos(Mπy). The M and N controls choose how many half-waves fit across the plate in each direction, and the tone you hear follows the mode's eigenvalue: the frequency grows with √(M² + N²).